STAMMBAUM-EXPAND: +-Button prominenter + Mini-Legende (Stammbaum-UX)

Punkt 1 - Expand-Button sichtbar/zuverlaessig:
- 40px solid-fill (war 32px outline), box-shadow, flex-centered;
  deutlich sichtbar auf 190px Karte, touch-tauglich (>=40px Tap-Target).
  Hover/focus-visible: opacity + outline.
- Edge-case (Litter mit null-Eltern): +-Button bleibt sichtbar --
  unbekannt-Karten sind korrektes Feedback fuer quarantaenierte Eltern.

Punkt 2 - Bottom-Hint Mini-Legende:
- stammbaum-hint -> stammbaum-hints ul (flex-wrap, 3 Items):
  Umwurzeln / Name=Akte / +=Nachladen. Gut lesbar auf 390px.
  de.ts: hintName + hintExpand (neue Keys; tapHint bleibt fuer card title).

e2e: +2 Specs x 2 Viewports = 4 neue Tests (Legende + Expand-Klick).
Emil (Gen 4, litterId w-emil) liefert Testanker im Mock-Stammbaum.

Gate: vitest 122/122 e2e 166+68skipped build+tsc+eslint clean.

.gitea/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 #   2. npm test + npm run build (Frontend)
 #   3. Docker-Images bauen und in die Gitea-Registry pushen
 #
-# Registry: truenas:13000  (internes Gitea Container Registry)
+# Registry: 192.168.2.115:13000  (internes Gitea Container Registry)
 # Images:
-#   truenas:13000/gulum/gerbilmanager-api:latest
+#   192.168.2.115:13000/gulum/gerbilmanager-api:latest
-#   truenas:13000/gulum/gerbilmanager-frontend:latest
+#   192.168.2.115:13000/gulum/gerbilmanager-frontend:latest
 
 name: CI
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ on:
       - main
 
 env:
-  REGISTRY: truenas:13000
+  REGISTRY: 192.168.2.115:13000
   REGISTRY_OWNER: gulum
   DOTNET_VERSION: "10.0.x"
   NODE_VERSION: "22"

GerbilManager.Tests/ImportDocxServiceTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+using GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import;
+using GerbilManagerWebAPI.Models;
+using Microsoft.Data.Sqlite;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+
+namespace GerbilManager.Tests
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// FEAT-8d-CREATE / FIX-8D-DEDUP: docx importer CREATE path tests.
+    /// Uses SQLite (not InMemory) so FK + unique-index constraints are enforced —
+    /// this is the only reliable way to catch duplicate-ExternalRef crashes.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class ImportDocxServiceTests : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly string _dir;
+
+        public ImportDocxServiceTests()
+        {
+            _dir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "feat8d-" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"));
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(_dir);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            try { Directory.Delete(_dir, recursive: true); } catch { }
+        }
+
+        // One open connection keeps the :memory: SQLite DB alive across calls.
+        private (ApplicationContext db, SqliteConnection conn) NewSqliteDb()
+        {
+            var conn = new SqliteConnection("DataSource=:memory:");
+            conn.Open();
+            var opts = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ApplicationContext>().UseSqlite(conn).Options;
+            var db = new ApplicationContext(opts);
+            db.Database.EnsureCreated();   // schema WITH unique index on ExternalRef
+            return (db, conn);
+        }
+
+        private void WriteLitters(object litters) =>
+            File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(_dir, "docx_litters.json"),
+                System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(litters));
+
+        private void WriteAnimals(object animals) =>
+            File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(_dir, "docx_animals.json"),
+                System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(animals));
+
+        // ── Test 1: dry-run shows correct counts without writing ─────────────────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task DryRun_counts_new_animal_without_writing()
+        {
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                // Litter in DB — date-only lookup (±5 days, exactly one candidate)
+                var litter = new Litter
+                {
+                    Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                    Name = "Testwurf",
+                    Date = new DateOnly(2023, 5, 1),
+                };
+                db.Litters.Add(litter);
+                await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    new { wsCode = "4/4", litterDob = "01.05.2023", name = "Pepper", gender = "female",
+                          owner = "Max Mustermann", abgabeDate = "01.07.2023",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" }
+                });
+
+                var report = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: false);
+
+                Assert.False(report.Executed);
+                Assert.Equal(1, report.Created);
+                Assert.Equal(1, report.LitterLinked);    // date-only match finds the one litter
+                Assert.Equal(1, report.GoHomeFilled);
+                Assert.Equal(0, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());    // nothing written
+                Assert.Equal(0, await db.Contacts.CountAsync());   // nothing written
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Test 2: execute creates animal with all fields + FK constraints ───────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_creates_animal_with_litter_contact_and_goHomeDate()
+        {
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                var litter = new Litter
+                {
+                    Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                    Name = "Testwurf",
+                    Date = new DateOnly(2023, 5, 1),
+                };
+                db.Litters.Add(litter);
+                await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    new { wsCode = "4/4", litterDob = "01.05.2023", name = "Pepper", gender = "female",
+                          owner = "Max Mustermann", abgabeDate = "01.07.2023",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" }
+                });
+
+                var report = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+
+                Assert.True(report.Executed);
+                Assert.Equal(1, report.Created);
+                Assert.Equal(1, report.ContactsCreated);
+
+                var gerbil = await db.Gerbils.SingleAsync();
+                Assert.Equal("Pepper", gerbil.Name);
+                Assert.Equal(new DateOnly(2023, 5, 1), gerbil.DateOfBirth);
+                Assert.Equal(Gender.female, gerbil.Gender);
+                Assert.Equal(GerbilStatus.GivenAway, gerbil.Status);
+                Assert.Equal(litter.Id, gerbil.LitterId);          // date-only link worked
+                Assert.Equal(new DateOnly(2023, 7, 1), gerbil.GoHomeDate);
+                Assert.Equal("Zucht der Kleinen Chaoten", gerbil.OriginBreeder);
+                Assert.False(gerbil.IsResident);
+                Assert.Equal("docx", gerbil.ImportSource);
+                Assert.StartsWith("docx-", gerbil.ExternalRef);
+
+                var contact = await db.Contacts.SingleAsync();
+                Assert.Equal("Max Mustermann", contact.Name);
+                Assert.Equal(contact.Id, gerbil.ReceiverContactId);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Test 3: idempotency — second run creates zero ────────────────────────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_is_idempotent_second_run_creates_zero()
+        {
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    new { wsCode = "2/3", litterDob = "15.03.2023", name = "Flash", gender = "male",
+                          owner = "", abgabeDate = "01.05.2023",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" }
+                });
+
+                var first = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+                Assert.Equal(1, first.Created);
+
+                var second = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+                Assert.Equal(0, second.Created);          // ExternalRef path, no dupe
+                Assert.Equal(1, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());    // exactly one row
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Test 4: existing main-import animal → enrich only, no duplicate ──────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_enriches_existing_animal_does_not_duplicate()
+        {
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                // Animal already in DB (from main import, ExternalRef ≠ "docx-…")
+                var existing = new Gerbil
+                {
+                    Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                    Name = "Eddie",
+                    DateOfBirth = new DateOnly(2022, 8, 10),
+                    Gender = Gender.male,
+                    ExternalRef = "main-eddie-xyz",   // NOT a "docx-" ref
+                    IsResident = false,
+                };
+                db.Gerbils.Add(existing);
+                await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    // Same name+dob → enrich, not create
+                    new { wsCode = "", litterDob = "10.08.2022", name = "Eddie", gender = "male",
+                          owner = "Anna Beispiel", abgabeDate = "01.10.2022",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" }
+                });
+
+                var report = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+
+                Assert.Equal(0, report.Created);
+                Assert.Equal(1, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());    // still exactly one
+
+                // GoHomeDate was enriched
+                var updated = await db.Gerbils.SingleAsync();
+                Assert.Equal(new DateOnly(2022, 10, 1), updated.GoHomeDate);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Test 5: Deceased status when deathDate set ───────────────────────────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_sets_Deceased_status_when_deathDate_provided()
+        {
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    new { wsCode = "1/5", litterDob = "01.01.2022", name = "Ghost", gender = "male",
+                          owner = "", abgabeDate = "",
+                          deathDate = "15.06.2022", deathCause = "Tumor", farbschlag = "" }
+                });
+
+                await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+
+                var gerbil = await db.Gerbils.SingleAsync();
+                Assert.Equal(GerbilStatus.Deceased, gerbil.Status);
+                Assert.Equal(new DateOnly(2022, 6, 15), gerbil.DateOfDeath);
+                Assert.Equal("Tumor", gerbil.CauseOfDeath);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ── Test 6: P0 REGRESSION — same-name siblings get distinct ExternalRefs ─
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_same_name_siblings_created_with_distinct_ExternalRefs()
+        {
+            // P0 regression: two animals in the same litter with the same normalized name
+            // previously caused duplicate ExternalRef → Npgsql/SQLite 23505 unique-key crash.
+            // Fix: ordinal disambiguation (-2) ensures uniqueness within the batch.
+            // The unique index on IX_Gerbils_ExternalRef (via EnsureCreated on SQLite) makes
+            // this test an authoritative regression gate.
+            var (db, conn) = NewSqliteDb();
+            await using (conn)
+            await using (db)
+            {
+                WriteLitters(Array.Empty<object>());
+                WriteAnimals(new[]
+                {
+                    new { wsCode = "4/4", litterDob = "10.06.2022", name = "Mochi", gender = "female",
+                          owner = "Eva Müller",  abgabeDate = "10.08.2022",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" },
+                    // Identical name+wsCode+litterDob → base ExternalRef collision
+                    new { wsCode = "4/4", litterDob = "10.06.2022", name = "Mochi", gender = "female",
+                          owner = "Lena Braun", abgabeDate = "11.08.2022",
+                          deathDate = "", deathCause = "", farbschlag = "" },
+                });
+
+                // Must NOT throw unique-key violation
+                var report = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+
+                Assert.Equal(2, report.Created);
+                Assert.Equal(2, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());
+
+                var refs = (await db.Gerbils.Select(g => g.ExternalRef!).ToListAsync()).OrderBy(r => r).ToList();
+                // Both start with the docx- prefix
+                Assert.All(refs, r => Assert.StartsWith("docx-", r));
+                // Must be distinct (unique index enforces this in SQLite)
+                Assert.Equal(2, refs.Distinct().Count());
+                // Second occurrence gets the -2 suffix
+                Assert.Single(refs, r => r.EndsWith("-2"));
+
+                // Idempotent re-run: zero new, still 2 in DB
+                var second = await new ImportDocxService(db, _dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+                Assert.Equal(0, second.Created);
+                Assert.Equal(2, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

GerbilManager.Tests/ImportServiceTests.cs

@@ -261,6 +261,54 @@ namespace GerbilManager.Tests
             finally { try { Directory.Delete(dir, recursive: true); } catch { } }
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Execute_circular_gerbil_litter_dependency_does_not_throw()
+        {
+            // Regression for "Unable to save changes because a circular dependency was detected":
+            // Gerbil [Added] ← FK{MotherId} Litter [Added] ← FK{LitterId} Gerbil [Added].
+            // Triggered when a gerbil is both parent (in one synth litter) and offspring
+            // (LitterId → another synth litter) in the SAME SaveChanges batch — forms a cycle EF
+            // topo-sort cannot resolve. This test encodes the minimal reproducer: A's mother is B,
+            // B's mother is A (artificial genealogical cycle, but triggers the EF cycle reliably).
+            var dir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "cycle-" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"));
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(dir);
+            using var conn = new SqliteConnection("DataSource=:memory:");
+            conn.Open();
+            try
+            {
+                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(dir, "litters.json"), "[]");
+                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(dir, "animals.json"), """
+                [
+                  {"id":"alpha","name":"Alpha","dob":"01.01.2020","death":"","farbschlag":"",
+                   "genotype":{"mapped8locus":{},"rawGenotype":"","unmappedTokens":[]},"conflict":false,
+                   "parentRefs":[{"name":"Beta","dob":"01.01.2019","roleGuess":"mother","method":"chart-position","confidence":"medium"}]},
+                  {"id":"beta","name":"Beta","dob":"01.01.2019","death":"","farbschlag":"",
+                   "genotype":{"mapped8locus":{},"rawGenotype":"","unmappedTokens":[]},"conflict":false,
+                   "parentRefs":[{"name":"Alpha","dob":"01.01.2020","roleGuess":"mother","method":"chart-position","confidence":"medium"}]}
+                ]
+                """);
+                var opts = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ApplicationContext>().UseSqlite(conn).Options;
+                using var db = new ApplicationContext(opts);
+                await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
+
+                // must NOT throw InvalidOperationException (circular dependency)
+                var report = await new ImportService(db, dir, dir).RunAsync(execute: true);
+
+                Assert.Equal(2, await db.Gerbils.CountAsync());
+                var alpha = await db.Gerbils.SingleAsync(g => g.ExternalRef == "alpha");
+                var beta  = await db.Gerbils.SingleAsync(g => g.ExternalRef == "beta");
+                // both should be litter-linked
+                Assert.NotNull(alpha.LitterId);
+                Assert.NotNull(beta.LitterId);
+                // deferred FK update must have set the litter parents correctly
+                var alphaLitter = await db.Litters.SingleAsync(l => l.Id == alpha.LitterId);
+                Assert.Equal(beta.Id, alphaLitter.MotherId);
+                var betaLitter = await db.Litters.SingleAsync(l => l.Id == beta.LitterId);
+                Assert.Equal(alpha.Id, betaLitter.MotherId);
+            }
+            finally { try { Directory.Delete(dir, recursive: true); } catch { } }
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public async Task Derived_litter_with_quarantined_parent_leaves_FK_null_no_throw()
         {

GerbilManagerWebAPI/Import/ImportDocxService.cs

@@ -6,16 +6,23 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// FEAT-8d docx loader. Consumes tools/import/output/docx_litters.json +
-    /// docx_animals.json (produced by extract_docx.py) and enriches the database:
+    /// docx_animals.json (produced by extract_docx.py) and enriches OR CREATES animals.
     ///
     /// Load policy (IDEMPOTENT NACHZUG after main WIPE+REIMPORT):
-    ///   - Litter link: match docx WS-code to Litters.PairingCode → set Gerbil.LitterId
+    ///   Match order per docx row:
-    ///     for animals matched by normalize(name) + litter birth date.
+    ///     1. ExternalRef "docx-…" (previously created by this loader) → enrich (fill-NULL-only)
-    ///   - ReceiverContact: lookup-or-create Contact by owner name → set ReceiverContactId.
+    ///     2. normalize(name)+litterDob in Gerbils (from main import) → enrich (fill-NULL-only)
-    ///   - GoHomeDate, DateOfDeath, CauseOfDeath: fill if currently null (fill-NULL-only).
+    ///     3. No match → CREATE: abgegebene Jungtiere that never appeared in the pedigree charts.
-    ///   - NEVER overwrites a manually-set non-null value.
     ///
-    /// Idempotent: running multiple times is safe. Each run resolves whatever is still null.
+    ///   Created animals: Status=GivenAway (or Deceased), IsResident=false,
+    ///   OriginBreeder='Zucht der Kleinen Chaoten', ImportSource="docx",
+    ///   ExternalRef = stable "docx-{ws}-{normname}-{litterDob}[-N]" key (idempotent;
+    ///   -N ordinal suffix disambiguates same-name siblings in a litter).
+    ///
+    ///   NEVER overwrites a manually-set non-null value (fill-NULL-only for all fields).
+    ///
+    /// Idempotent: running multiple times is safe. Re-run finds existing rows via ExternalRef.
+    /// Execute wraps all writes in a single transaction (atomic: crash → full rollback).
     /// Execute is gated by the endpoint; this service only acts when asked.
     /// </summary>
     public sealed class ImportDocxService
@@ -48,29 +55,38 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
             {
                 notes.Add($"Keine Quelldaten in {_sourceDir} (docx_litters.json/docx_animals.json). " +
                           "extract_docx.py zuerst ausführen.");
-                return new ImportDocxReport(false, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, notes);
+                return new ImportDocxReport(false, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, notes);
             }
 
-            // Build lookup: PairingCode → Litter.Id (WS-code normalised: spaces removed)
+            // Litter lookup by birth date (DayNumber) → list of matching DB litters.
+            // NOTE: WsCode in docx is a litter-size fraction ("4/4", "/5") — NOT a PairingCode.
+            // Date-only lookup with uniqueness guard avoids false links (only link when
+            // exactly one DB litter falls within ±5 days of the docx litter DOB).
             var littersInDb = await _db.Litters
-                .Where(l => l.PairingCode != null)
+                .Select(l => new { l.Id, l.Date })
-                .Select(l => new { l.Id, l.Date, l.PairingCode })
                 .ToListAsync();
-            var litterByWs = littersInDb
+            var littersByDayNumber = littersInDb
-                .GroupBy(l => l.PairingCode!.Replace(" ", ""))
+                .GroupBy(l => l.Date.DayNumber)
                 .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.ToList());
 
-            // Build animal lookup: normalize(name) + litter_dob → Gerbil (for litter-link)
+            // normalize(name)+litterDob → Gerbil snapshot (main-import enrich path)
             var gerbilsInDb = await _db.Gerbils
                 .Select(g => new { g.Id, g.Name, g.DateOfBirth, g.LitterId,
-                                   g.ReceiverContactId, g.GoHomeDate, g.DateOfDeath, g.CauseOfDeath })
+                                   g.ReceiverContactId, g.GoHomeDate, g.DateOfDeath, g.CauseOfDeath,
+                                   g.ExternalRef })
                 .ToListAsync();
             var gerbilByKey = gerbilsInDb
                 .Where(g => g.DateOfBirth is not null)
                 .GroupBy(g => NameDobKey(g.Name, g.DateOfBirth!.Value))
                 .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.ToList());
 
-            // Contact lookup: normalized name → existing Contact
+            // ExternalRef → snapshot for previously docx-created animals (idempotency across runs)
+            var docxExternalRefs = gerbilsInDb
+                .Where(g => g.ExternalRef?.StartsWith("docx-") == true)
+                .ToDictionary(g => g.ExternalRef!,
+                              g => new { g.Id, g.LitterId, g.GoHomeDate, g.DateOfDeath, g.ReceiverContactId });
+
+            // Contact lookup: normalized name → existing Contact.Id
             var contactsInDb = await _db.Contacts
                 .Select(c => new { c.Id, c.Name })
                 .ToListAsync();
@@ -78,49 +94,79 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
                 .GroupBy(c => NormalizeName(c.Name))
                 .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.First().Id);
 
-            int litterLinked = 0, goHomeFilled = 0, deathFilled = 0;
+            // ColorVariety lookup: normalized name → Id (for CREATE path Farbschlag matching)
+            var colorVarietyByName = (await _db.ColorVarieties
+                .Select(cv => new { cv.Id, cv.Name })
+                .ToListAsync())
+                .GroupBy(cv => NormalizeName(cv.Name))
+                .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.First().Id);
+
+            int animalsCreated = 0, litterLinked = 0, goHomeFilled = 0, deathFilled = 0;
             int ownerLinked = 0, ownerCreated = 0, skipped = 0;
 
+            // Ordinal counter for collision-free ExternalRef within this batch.
+            // Two animals with the same base ref (same ws+name+litterDob) get -2, -3 suffixes.
+            var externalRefOrdinals = new Dictionary<string, int>();
+
+            // Belt-and-suspenders: guard against adding the same ExternalRef twice in one run.
+            var batchRefs = new HashSet<string>();
+
+            // --- Planning pass (dry-run counts + execute writes) ---
+            // Execute path is wrapped in a single transaction for atomicity.
+            Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IDbContextTransaction? tx = null;
+            if (execute)
+                tx = await _db.Database.BeginTransactionAsync();
+
+            try
+            {
                 foreach (var da in docxAnimals)
                 {
                     if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.Name)) { skipped++; continue; }
 
-                // Resolve the litter by WS-code + approximate birth date
+                    // Collision-free ExternalRef: ordinal suffix for same-name siblings
+                    var baseRef = DocxExternalRefBase(da);
+                    externalRefOrdinals.TryGetValue(baseRef, out var ord);
+                    ord++;
+                    externalRefOrdinals[baseRef] = ord;
+                    var externalRef = ord == 1 ? baseRef : $"{baseRef}-{ord}";
+
+                    // Resolve litter: date ±5 days, unambiguous (exactly one candidate)
                     Guid? litterId = null;
-                if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.WsCode) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.LitterDob))
+                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.LitterDob))
                     {
                         var litterDob = ParseDate(da.LitterDob);
-                    if (litterDob is not null && litterByWs.TryGetValue(da.WsCode.Replace(" ", ""), out var cands))
+                        if (litterDob is not null)
                         {
-                        // Pick the litter whose date matches (within ±5 days for rounding)
+                            var candidates = new List<Guid>();
-                        var match = cands.FirstOrDefault(l =>
+                            for (int delta = -5; delta <= 5; delta++)
-                            Math.Abs((l.Date.DayNumber - litterDob.Value.DayNumber)) <= 5);
+                            {
-                        litterId = match?.Id;
+                                if (littersByDayNumber.TryGetValue(litterDob.Value.DayNumber + delta, out var cl))
+                                    candidates.AddRange(cl.Select(l => l.Id));
+                            }
+                            if (candidates.Count == 1)
+                                litterId = candidates[0];
+                            // If 0 or >1 candidates: no link (avoid false links)
                         }
                     }
 
-                // Resolve the gerbil by name + litter birth date
+                    // Animal DOB = litter birth date (docx has no per-animal DOB)
                     var animalDob = litterId is not null
                         ? (await _db.Litters.Where(l => l.Id == litterId).Select(l => (DateOnly?)l.Date).FirstOrDefaultAsync())
                         : ParseDate(da.LitterDob);
 
                     if (animalDob is null) { skipped++; continue; }
 
-                var key = NameDobKey(da.Name, animalDob.Value);
+                    var goHomeDate = ParseDate(da.AbgabeDate);
-                if (!gerbilByKey.TryGetValue(key, out var gerbilCands)) { skipped++; continue; }
+                    var deathDate  = ParseDate(da.DeathDate);
 
-                // If multiple gerbils match (same name+dob), take the one without a litter link first
+                    // Resolve receiver contact (lookup-or-create; shared by all paths)
-                var gerbilSnap = gerbilCands.FirstOrDefault(g => g.LitterId == null)
-                              ?? gerbilCands.First();
-
-                // Resolve receiver contact (lookup-or-create)
                     Guid? receiverId = null;
                     if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.Owner))
                     {
                         var normOwner = NormalizeName(da.Owner);
-                    if (contactByNorm.TryGetValue(normOwner, out var existingId))
+                        if (contactByNorm.TryGetValue(normOwner, out var existingContactId))
                         {
-                        receiverId = existingId;
+                            receiverId = existingContactId;
                             ownerLinked++;
                         }
                         else
@@ -130,55 +176,133 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
                             {
                                 var newContact = new Contact { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), Name = da.Owner.Trim() };
                                 _db.Contacts.Add(newContact);
-                            await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
+                                await _db.SaveChangesAsync();   // flush within the outer tx
                                 receiverId = newContact.Id;
                                 contactByNorm[normOwner] = receiverId.Value;
                             }
                         }
                     }
 
-                var goHomeDate = ParseDate(da.AbgabeDate);
+                    // ── PATH 1: previously docx-created animal (idempotent re-run) ──────────
-                var deathDate = ParseDate(da.DeathDate);
+                    if (docxExternalRefs.TryGetValue(externalRef, out var prevSnap))
+                    {
+                        bool willLink  = litterId is not null && prevSnap.LitterId is null;
+                        bool willHome  = goHomeDate is not null && prevSnap.GoHomeDate is null;
+                        bool willDeath = deathDate  is not null && prevSnap.DateOfDeath is null;
 
-                // Count what will change
+                        if (willLink)  litterLinked++;
-                bool willLinkLitter = litterId is not null && gerbilSnap.LitterId is null;
+                        if (willHome)  goHomeFilled++;
-                bool willFillGoHome = goHomeDate is not null && gerbilSnap.GoHomeDate is null;
+                        if (willDeath) deathFilled++;
-                bool willFillDeath = deathDate is not null && gerbilSnap.DateOfDeath is null;
-
-                if (willLinkLitter) litterLinked++;
-                if (willFillGoHome) goHomeFilled++;
-                if (willFillDeath) deathFilled++;
 
                         if (execute)
                         {
-                    var row = await _db.Gerbils.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Id == gerbilSnap.Id);
+                            var row = await _db.Gerbils.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Id == prevSnap.Id);
                             if (row is null) continue;
-
+                            if (willLink)  row.LitterId = litterId;
-                    if (willLinkLitter) row.LitterId = litterId;
+                            if (receiverId is not null && row.ReceiverContactId is null) row.ReceiverContactId = receiverId;
-                    if (receiverId is not null && row.ReceiverContactId is null)
+                            if (willHome)  row.GoHomeDate = goHomeDate;
-                        row.ReceiverContactId = receiverId;
+                            if (willDeath)
-                    if (willFillGoHome) row.GoHomeDate = goHomeDate;
-                    if (willFillDeath)
                             {
                                 row.DateOfDeath = deathDate;
                                 if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.DeathCause) && row.CauseOfDeath is null)
                                     row.CauseOfDeath = da.DeathCause.Trim();
                             }
                         }
+                        continue;
                     }
 
-            if (execute && (litterLinked + goHomeFilled + deathFilled + ownerLinked + ownerCreated) > 0)
+                    // ── PATH 2: main-import animal matched by name+dob ───────────────────────
+                    var nameKey = NameDobKey(da.Name, animalDob.Value);
+                    if (gerbilByKey.TryGetValue(nameKey, out var gerbilCands))
+                    {
+                        var gerbilSnap = gerbilCands.FirstOrDefault(g => g.LitterId == null)
+                                      ?? gerbilCands.First();
+
+                        bool willLink  = litterId is not null && gerbilSnap.LitterId is null;
+                        bool willHome  = goHomeDate is not null && gerbilSnap.GoHomeDate is null;
+                        bool willDeath = deathDate  is not null && gerbilSnap.DateOfDeath is null;
+
+                        if (willLink)  litterLinked++;
+                        if (willHome)  goHomeFilled++;
+                        if (willDeath) deathFilled++;
+
+                        if (execute)
+                        {
+                            var row = await _db.Gerbils.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Id == gerbilSnap.Id);
+                            if (row is null) continue;
+                            if (willLink)  row.LitterId = litterId;
+                            if (receiverId is not null && row.ReceiverContactId is null) row.ReceiverContactId = receiverId;
+                            if (willHome)  row.GoHomeDate = goHomeDate;
+                            if (willDeath)
+                            {
+                                row.DateOfDeath = deathDate;
+                                if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.DeathCause) && row.CauseOfDeath is null)
+                                    row.CauseOfDeath = da.DeathCause.Trim();
+                            }
+                        }
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // ── PATH 3: no match → CREATE ────────────────────────────────────────────
+                    // Belt-and-suspenders: ordinal should ensure uniqueness, but guard anyway
+                    if (!batchRefs.Add(externalRef)) { skipped++; continue; }
+
+                    animalsCreated++;
+                    if (litterId is not null) litterLinked++;
+                    if (goHomeDate is not null) goHomeFilled++;
+                    if (deathDate  is not null) deathFilled++;
+
+                    if (execute)
+                    {
+                        colorVarietyByName.TryGetValue(NormalizeName(da.Farbschlag ?? ""), out var cvId);
+
+                        _db.Gerbils.Add(new Gerbil
+                        {
+                            Id                = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                            Name              = da.Name.Trim(),
+                            DateOfBirth       = animalDob,
+                            Gender            = ParseGender(da.Gender),
+                            Status            = deathDate is not null ? GerbilStatus.Deceased : GerbilStatus.GivenAway,
+                            LitterId          = litterId,
+                            ReceiverContactId = receiverId,
+                            GoHomeDate        = goHomeDate,
+                            DateOfDeath       = deathDate,
+                            CauseOfDeath      = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(da.DeathCause) ? null : da.DeathCause.Trim(),
+                            ColorVarietyId    = cvId == default ? null : cvId,
+                            OriginBreeder     = "Zucht der Kleinen Chaoten",
+                            IsResident        = false,
+                            ImportSource      = "docx",
+                            ExternalRef       = externalRef,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Flush all gerbil inserts + enrich updates in one shot (within the tx)
+                if (execute && (animalsCreated + litterLinked + goHomeFilled + deathFilled + ownerCreated) > 0)
                     await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
+                if (tx is not null) await tx.CommitAsync();
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                // tx.DisposeAsync (in finally) rolls back if not committed
+                throw;
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (tx is not null) await tx.DisposeAsync();
+            }
+
             notes.Add($"Quelle: {docxLitters.Count} Würfe, {docxAnimals.Count} Tier-Zeilen aus der docx.");
-            notes.Add($"Litter-Links: {litterLinked} Tiere einem Wurf zugeordnet (WS-Code → PairingCode).");
+            notes.Add($"Neu angelegt: {animalsCreated} Jungtiere (abgegeben, nicht in Stammbäumen).");
+            notes.Add($"Litter-Links: {litterLinked} Tiere einem Wurf zugeordnet (DOB-Match ±5 Tage, eindeutig).");
             notes.Add($"Abnehmer: {ownerLinked} bestehende Kontakte verknüpft, {ownerCreated} neue Kontakte angelegt.");
             notes.Add($"GoHomeDate: {goHomeFilled} Abgabe-Daten nachgetragen.");
             notes.Add($"Tod-Datum: {deathFilled} Todesdaten nachgetragen.");
-            notes.Add($"Übersprungen: {skipped} Zeilen (kein Name oder kein DB-Match).");
+            notes.Add($"Übersprungen: {skipped} Zeilen (kein Name oder kein Datum).");
             if (!execute) notes.Add("DRY-RUN: nichts gespeichert. /import/docx/execute schreibt die Änderungen.");
 
-            return new ImportDocxReport(execute, litterLinked, ownerLinked + ownerCreated,
+            return new ImportDocxReport(execute, animalsCreated, litterLinked, ownerLinked + ownerCreated,
                 goHomeFilled, deathFilled, ownerCreated, skipped, notes);
         }
 
@@ -215,6 +339,27 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
             n = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(n, @"\s+", " ").Trim();
             return n;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Base ExternalRef key (before ordinal disambiguation). Two animals sharing the same
+        /// ws+name+litterDob get this same base; the caller appends -2, -3 … for duplicates.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string DocxExternalRefBase(DocxAnimal da)
+        {
+            var ws   = (da.WsCode ?? "").Replace(" ", "").ToLowerInvariant();
+            var name = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(
+                (da.Name ?? "").ToLowerInvariant(), @"[^a-z0-9äöüß]", "");
+            return $"docx-{ws}-{name}-{da.LitterDob}";
+        }
+
+        private static Gender ParseGender(string? s)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(s)) return Gender.unknown;
+            var lower = s.ToLowerInvariant();
+            if (lower == "male"   || lower == "m" || lower.Contains("männ")) return Gender.male;
+            if (lower == "female" || lower == "f" || lower == "w" || lower.Contains("weibl")) return Gender.female;
+            return Gender.unknown;
+        }
     }
 
     // ---- Source shapes (from extract_docx.py output) ----
@@ -249,6 +394,7 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
 
     public sealed record ImportDocxReport(
         bool Executed,
+        int Created,
         int LitterLinked,
         int OwnerLinked,
         int GoHomeFilled,

GerbilManagerWebAPI/Import/ImportService.cs

@@ -289,10 +289,15 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
                     litterParents[lid] = (f, m);
                 }
 
-            // PASS 2: stage synthesized litters (parents already guarded above). DO NOT save them
+            // FIX-IMPORT-CYCLE: track deferred synth litter parent FKs (populated in PASS 2 below).
-            // before the animals — the offspring AND the parent gerbils are created in the loop
+            // Synth litters are added with null FatherId/MotherId to break the Gerbil↔Litter cycle;
-            // below, so a single SaveChanges at the end lets EF order parents→litters→offspring
+            // the actual FKs are applied AFTER SaveChanges once all gerbils are persisted.
-            // (all FKs are nullable). Saving litters first is exactly what caused the FK fault.
+            var synthLitterPendingParents = new Dictionary<Guid, (Guid? Father, Guid? Mother)>();
+
+            // PASS 2: stage synthesized litters (parents already guarded above). Litters are added
+            // with FatherId/MotherId = null (deferred) so that the SaveChanges below has only a
+            // one-directional Gerbil→Litter dependency — no Litter→Gerbil FKs in the same batch,
+            // which would cause EF's topo-sort to throw "circular dependency detected".
             if (execute)
             {
                 // reuse an existing litter with the same parents+date instead of duplicating.
@@ -316,13 +321,17 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
                         derivedLitters--;
                         continue;
                     }
+                    // Defer FatherId/MotherId: both parent gerbils and offspring gerbils may be [Added]
+                    // in this same batch. Setting them now causes EF circular dependency
+                    // (Gerbil[Added] ← Litter.MotherId [Added] ← Gerbil.LitterId [Added]).
+                    synthLitterPendingParents[sl.Id] = (sl.Father, sl.Mother);
                     _db.Litters.Add(new Litter
                     {
                         Id = sl.Id,
                         Name = $"Wurf (aus Diagramm) {sl.Date:yyyy-MM-dd}".Trim(),
                         Date = sl.Date ?? default,
-                        FatherId = sl.Father,
+                        FatherId = null,   // deferred — applied after gerbils SaveChanges
-                        MotherId = sl.Mother,
+                        MotherId = null,   // deferred — applied after gerbils SaveChanges
                         Notes = $"aus Stammbaum-Diagramm abgeleitet (Konfidenz: {sl.Confidence})",
                     });
                 }
@@ -437,6 +446,20 @@ namespace GerbilManagerWebAPI.Import
             }
             if (execute) await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
+            // Apply deferred synth litter parent FKs — all new gerbils are now persisted in the DB,
+            // so no cycle. FK guard already applied above (persisted set); values in the dict are safe.
+            if (execute && synthLitterPendingParents.Count > 0)
+            {
+                foreach (var (litId, (f, m)) in synthLitterPendingParents)
+                {
+                    var row = await _db.Litters.FindAsync(litId);
+                    if (row is null) continue;
+                    if (f is not null) row.FatherId = f;
+                    if (m is not null) row.MotherId = m;
+                }
+                await _db.SaveChangesAsync();
+            }
+
             // ---- back-link Wurfchronik litter parents by name (best effort) ----
             if (execute)
             {

gerbil-manager-web/e2e/stammbaum.spec.ts

@@ -79,3 +79,34 @@ test('Namenloser Ahne zeigt Platzhalter in der Stammbaum-Karte (UI-POLISH-2)', a
   // Karte selbst zeigt '(ohne Namen)' statt leer
   await expect(page.locator('.pedigree-card__nametext')).toHaveText(de.pages.gerbils.nameless)
 })
+
+test('Mini-Legende zeigt alle drei Interaktionshinweise (STAMMBAUM-EXPAND)', async ({ page }) => {
+  skipUnlessMock()
+  await page.goto('/rennmaeuse/kruemel/stammbaum')
+  await expect(page.locator('.pedigree-card').first()).toBeVisible()
+
+  const hints = page.locator('.stammbaum-hints')
+  await expect(hints).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(hints).toContainText(t.tapHint)
+  await expect(hints).toContainText(t.hintName)
+  await expect(hints).toContainText(t.hintExpand)
+})
+
+test('＋-Knopf ist sichtbar und lädt weitere Vorfahren nach (STAMMBAUM-EXPAND)', async ({ page }) => {
+  skipUnlessMock()
+  await page.goto('/rennmaeuse/kruemel/stammbaum')
+  await expect(page.locator('.pedigree-card').first()).toBeVisible()
+
+  // Einpassen, damit die 4. Generation (Emil mit ＋) im Viewport liegt.
+  const fit = page.getByRole('button', { name: t.zoomFit })
+  if (await fit.isVisible()) await fit.click()
+  await page.waitForTimeout(600)
+
+  // ＋-Button muss an der Tiefengrenze erscheinen (Emil hat litterId w-emil).
+  const expandBtn = page.getByRole('button', { name: t.expand }).first()
+  await expect(expandBtn).toBeVisible()
+
+  // Klick auf ＋: Emil wird aufgeklappt → Max (sein Vater) taucht als Link auf.
+  await expandBtn.click({ force: true })
+  await expect(page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Max' })).toBeVisible({ timeout: 8000 })
+})

gerbil-manager-web/src/components/Charakterbogen.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { de } from '../strings/de'
-import { ALL_TRAITS } from '../format/traits'
+import { ALL_TRAITS, TRAIT_CATEGORIES } from '../format/traits'
 import './charakterbogen.css'
 
 export interface CharakterbogenProps {
@@ -10,12 +10,6 @@ export interface CharakterbogenProps {
   onNoteChange: (note: string) => void
 }
 
-/**
- * FEAT-14: character sheet — a checkbox grid of traits + a free note.
- * Controlled & reusable: rendered on the animal detail page (persisted) and in
- * the Abgabe listing composer (feeds the AI sale-text). German labels from
- * de.character.traits; the stored value is the trait KEY.
- */
 export default function Charakterbogen({
   traits,
   note,
@@ -29,26 +23,32 @@ export default function Charakterbogen({
     const next = new Set(selected)
     if (next.has(key)) next.delete(key)
     else next.add(key)
-    // Preserve the vocabulary order for stable output.
+    // Preserve vocabulary (category) order for stable output.
     onTraitsChange(ALL_TRAITS.filter((tr) => next.has(tr.key)).map((tr) => tr.key))
   }
 
   return (
     <div className="charakterbogen">
+      {TRAIT_CATEGORIES.map((cat) => (
+        <section key={cat.category} className="trait-category">
+          <h4 className="trait-category__heading">{cat.category}</h4>
           <ul className="trait-grid">
-        {ALL_TRAITS.map((tr) => (
+            {cat.traits.map((tr) => (
               <li key={tr.key}>
-            <label className="trait-chip">
+                <label className={`trait-chip${tr.warn ? ' trait-chip--warn' : ''}`}>
                   <input
                     type="checkbox"
                     checked={selected.has(tr.key)}
                     onChange={() => toggle(tr.key)}
                   />
                   <span>{tr.label}</span>
+                  {tr.warn && <span className="trait-warn-badge">{t.warnLabel}</span>}
                 </label>
               </li>
             ))}
           </ul>
+        </section>
+      ))}
       <label className="field">
         <span>{t.noteLabel}</span>
         <textarea

gerbil-manager-web/src/components/charakterbogen.css

@@ -1,8 +1,21 @@
-/* FEAT-14 Charakterbogen — trait checkbox grid (mobile-first). */
+/* CHARAKTERBOGEN-2 — categorised trait grid with warn-signal styling (mobile-first). */
+
+.trait-category {
+  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.trait-category__heading {
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--color-muted, #666);
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+  margin: 0.75rem 0 0.35rem;
+}
 
 .charakterbogen .trait-grid {
   list-style: none;
-  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
+  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
   padding: 0;
   display: grid;
   grid-template-columns: 1fr;
@@ -39,3 +52,16 @@
   min-height: 0;
   flex: 0 0 auto;
 }
+
+.trait-chip--warn {
+  border-color: #d97706;
+  background: #fff7ed;
+}
+
+.trait-warn-badge {
+  margin-left: auto;
+  font-size: 0.68rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: #d97706;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}

gerbil-manager-web/src/format/__tests__/traits.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest'
+import { ALL_TRAITS, TRAIT_CATEGORIES, traitLabel, traitLabels, isWarnTrait } from '../traits'
+
+describe('trait catalog', () => {
+  it('has 4 categories', () => {
+    expect(TRAIT_CATEGORIES).toHaveLength(4)
+  })
+
+  it('category names match spec', () => {
+    const names = TRAIT_CATEGORIES.map((c) => c.category)
+    expect(names).toEqual([
+      'Sozialverhalten',
+      'Eignung & Umgang',
+      'Hobbys & Eigenarten',
+      'Wesen & Temperament',
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('ALL_TRAITS flattens all categories', () => {
+    const total = TRAIT_CATEGORIES.reduce((sum, c) => sum + c.traits.length, 0)
+    expect(ALL_TRAITS).toHaveLength(total)
+  })
+
+  it('all keys are unique', () => {
+    const keys = ALL_TRAITS.map((t) => t.key)
+    expect(new Set(keys).size).toBe(keys.length)
+  })
+
+  it('existing 15 keys are still present (stored on live animals)', () => {
+    const legacy = [
+      'zutraulich', 'handzahm', 'neugierig', 'aufgeschlossen', 'ruhig', 'lebhaft',
+      'verschmust', 'eigenstaendig', 'anfaengergeeignet', 'futterfreudig',
+      'buddelt', 'klettert', 'laufrad', 'vertraeglich', 'schreckhaft',
+    ]
+    const allKeys = new Set(ALL_TRAITS.map((t) => t.key))
+    for (const key of legacy) {
+      expect(allKeys.has(key), `missing legacy key: ${key}`).toBe(true)
+    }
+  })
+
+  it('new keys are present', () => {
+    const newKeys = [
+      'dominant', 'rangniedrig', 'sozialkompetent', 'schwer-vergesellschaftbar',
+      'erfahrene-halter', 'beobachtungstier', 'familiengeeignet',
+      'schredder', 'nestbauer', 'territorial',
+    ]
+    const allKeys = new Set(ALL_TRAITS.map((t) => t.key))
+    for (const key of newKeys) {
+      expect(allKeys.has(key), `missing new key: ${key}`).toBe(true)
+    }
+  })
+
+  it('warn traits are schwer-vergesellschaftbar and territorial', () => {
+    expect(isWarnTrait('schwer-vergesellschaftbar')).toBe(true)
+    expect(isWarnTrait('territorial')).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('non-warn traits return false from isWarnTrait', () => {
+    expect(isWarnTrait('zutraulich')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isWarnTrait('dominant')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isWarnTrait('beobachtungstier')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isWarnTrait('schreckhaft')).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('unknown key returns false from isWarnTrait', () => {
+    expect(isWarnTrait('not-a-real-key')).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('traitLabel returns German label for known key', () => {
+    expect(traitLabel('zutraulich')).toBe('zutraulich')
+    expect(traitLabel('dominant')).toBe('dominant (Leittier)')
+    expect(traitLabel('schwer-vergesellschaftbar')).toBe('schwer vergesellschaftbar')
+    expect(traitLabel('territorial')).toBe('territorial')
+  })
+
+  it('traitLabel returns the key itself for unknown key', () => {
+    expect(traitLabel('not-a-real-key')).toBe('not-a-real-key')
+  })
+
+  it('traitLabels maps a list of keys to labels', () => {
+    expect(traitLabels(['zutraulich', 'dominant'])).toEqual([
+      'zutraulich',
+      'dominant (Leittier)',
+    ])
+  })
+
+  it('traitLabels handles null and undefined gracefully', () => {
+    expect(traitLabels(null)).toEqual([])
+    expect(traitLabels(undefined)).toEqual([])
+  })
+})

gerbil-manager-web/src/format/traits.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,23 @@
-/** FEAT-14: map character trait KEYS (stored) <-> German LABELS (de.character.traits). */
+/** CHARAKTERBOGEN-2: map character trait KEYS (stored) <-> German LABELS (de.character.traitCategories). */
 import { de } from '../strings/de'
 
-export const ALL_TRAITS = de.character.traits
+export interface TraitEntry {
+  key: string
+  label: string
+  warn?: true
+}
 
-const LABEL_BY_KEY = new Map<string, string>(de.character.traits.map((t) => [t.key, t.label]))
+export interface TraitCategory {
+  category: string
+  traits: readonly TraitEntry[]
+}
+
+export const TRAIT_CATEGORIES: ReadonlyArray<TraitCategory> =
+  de.character.traitCategories as unknown as ReadonlyArray<TraitCategory>
+
+export const ALL_TRAITS: readonly TraitEntry[] = TRAIT_CATEGORIES.flatMap((c) => c.traits)
+
+const LABEL_BY_KEY = new Map<string, string>(ALL_TRAITS.map((t) => [t.key, t.label]))
 
 export function traitLabel(key: string): string {
   return LABEL_BY_KEY.get(key) ?? key
@@ -13,3 +27,7 @@ export function traitLabel(key: string): string {
 export function traitLabels(keys: readonly string[] | null | undefined): string[] {
   return (keys ?? []).map(traitLabel)
 }
+
+export function isWarnTrait(key: string): boolean {
+  return ALL_TRAITS.some((t) => t.key === key && t.warn === true)
+}

gerbil-manager-web/src/pages/StammbaumPage.tsx

@@ -335,7 +335,11 @@ export default function StammbaumPage() {
             />
           )}
         </div>
-        <p className="stammbaum-hint">{t.tapHint}</p>
+        <ul className="stammbaum-hints">
+          <li>{t.tapHint}</li>
+          <li>{t.hintName}</li>
+          <li>{t.hintExpand}</li>
+        </ul>
       </section>
 
       {/* Druckansicht: am Bildschirm unsichtbar, ersetzt beim Drucken alles. */}

gerbil-manager-web/src/pages/stammbaum.css

@@ -34,10 +34,15 @@
   color: var(--color-text);
 }
 
-.stammbaum-hint {
+.stammbaum-hints {
-  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  list-style: none;
-  color: var(--color-text-muted);
+  padding: 0;
   margin: 0.4rem 0 0;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 0.1rem 1rem;
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
+  color: var(--color-text-muted);
 }
 
 /* ── Zeichenfläche ────────────────────────────────────────────── */
@@ -175,20 +180,27 @@
 .pedigree-card__expand {
   flex: none;
   margin-left: auto;
-  width: 32px;
+  width: 40px;
-  height: 32px;
+  height: 40px;
+  padding: 0;
   border-radius: 50%;
-  border: 1px solid var(--color-accent);
+  border: none;
-  background: var(--color-accent-soft);
-  color: var(--color-accent);
-  font-size: 1.05rem;
-  line-height: 1;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-
-.pedigree-card__expand:hover {
   background: var(--color-accent);
   color: #fff;
+  font-size: 1.3rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 5px rgb(0 0 0 / 28%);
+}
+
+.pedigree-card__expand:hover,
+.pedigree-card__expand:focus-visible {
+  opacity: 0.82;
+  outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
+  outline-offset: 2px;
 }
 
 /* ── Druckansicht (Ahnentafel als CSS-Grid, Hunde-Zertifikat-Optik) ──

gerbil-manager-web/src/strings/de.ts

@@ -355,6 +355,9 @@ export const de = {
       /** Auf Karten am Rand: weitere Vorfahren nachladen. */
       expand: 'Vorfahren laden',
       tapHint: 'Tippe auf ein Tier, um dessen Stammbaum anzuzeigen.',
+      /** Mini-Legende unter dem Baum (STAMMBAUM-EXPAND). */
+      hintName: 'Namenslink: Tierakte öffnen',
+      hintExpand: '＋: weitere Vorfahren nachladen',
       zoomIn: 'Vergrößern',
       zoomOut: 'Verkleinern',
       zoomFit: 'Ansicht einpassen',
@@ -784,9 +787,9 @@ export const de = {
     },
     unknownFarbschlag: 'Unbekannter Farbschlag',
   },
-  // ── FEAT-14 (Kevin): Charakterbogen — Eigenschaften + Notiz, speist den KI-Verkaufstext ──
+  // ── FEAT-14 / CHARAKTERBOGEN-2: Charakterbogen — Eigenschaften + Notiz, speist KI-Verkaufstext ──
-  // Traits: stabile KEYS (gespeichert) + deutsche LABELS (UI + KI-Prompt).
+  // Traits: stabile KEYS (gespeichert, NIEMALS umbenennen) + deutsche LABELS (UI + KI-Prompt).
-  // Erweitern = eine Zeile in der Liste; Julian verfeinert die Auswahl.
+  // Neue Traits = neuen Eintrag hinzufügen; warn:true = Warnsignal (visuell abgesetzt).
   character: {
     sectionTitle: 'Charakter & Eigenschaften',
     noteLabel: 'Notizen zum Charakter',
@@ -794,6 +797,40 @@ export const de = {
     save: 'Charakter speichern',
     saved: 'Charakter gespeichert.',
     none: 'Noch keine Eigenschaften ausgewählt.',
+    warnLabel: '⚠ Warnsignal',
+    traitCategories: [
+      {
+        category: 'Sozialverhalten',
+        traits: [
+          { key: 'dominant', label: 'dominant (Leittier)' },
+          { key: 'rangniedrig', label: 'rangniedrig / unterwürfig' },
+          { key: 'sozialkompetent', label: 'sozialkompetent / gut sozialisiert' },
+          { key: 'schwer-vergesellschaftbar', label: 'schwer vergesellschaftbar', warn: true },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        category: 'Eignung & Umgang',
+        traits: [
+          { key: 'anfaengergeeignet', label: 'anfängergeeignet' },
+          { key: 'erfahrene-halter', label: 'für erfahrene Halter' },
+          { key: 'beobachtungstier', label: 'reines Beobachtungstier' },
+          { key: 'familiengeeignet', label: 'familiengeeignet / stressresistent' },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        category: 'Hobbys & Eigenarten',
+        traits: [
+          { key: 'futterfreudig', label: 'futterfreudig' },
+          { key: 'buddelt', label: 'buddelt gern' },
+          { key: 'klettert', label: 'klettert gern' },
+          { key: 'laufrad', label: 'läuft gern im Laufrad' },
+          { key: 'schredder', label: 'Schredder-Meister' },
+          { key: 'nestbauer', label: 'Nestbauer / Architekt' },
+          { key: 'territorial', label: 'territorial', warn: true },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        category: 'Wesen & Temperament',
         traits: [
           { key: 'zutraulich', label: 'zutraulich' },
           { key: 'handzahm', label: 'handzahm' },
@@ -803,15 +840,12 @@ export const de = {
           { key: 'lebhaft', label: 'lebhaft / aktiv' },
           { key: 'verschmust', label: 'verschmust' },
           { key: 'eigenstaendig', label: 'eigenständig' },
-      { key: 'anfaengergeeignet', label: 'anfängergeeignet' },
-      { key: 'futterfreudig', label: 'futterfreudig' },
-      { key: 'buddelt', label: 'buddelt gern' },
-      { key: 'klettert', label: 'klettert gern' },
-      { key: 'laufrad', label: 'läuft gern im Laufrad' },
           { key: 'vertraeglich', label: 'gut verträglich' },
           { key: 'schreckhaft', label: 'schreckhaft' },
         ],
       },
+    ],
+  },
   // ── UX-MOBILE-1 (Kevin): FilterPanel — einklappbare Filter auf Mobil ──
   filterPanel: {
     toggleButton: 'Filter',